ASTB Preparation Guide: Math, Reading, Mechanical Comprehension, and Spatial Apperception Tests

1. ASTB REVIEW

2. The Test Math Skills Test (MST) 30 Questions / 25 Minutes Quantitative aptitude Arithmetic reasoning General mathematics Algebra Plane geometry Reading Skills Test (RST) 27 questions / 25 min Verbal aptitude Sentence comprehension

3. The Test Mechanical Comprehension Test (MCT) 30 Questions / 15 Minutes Mechanical aptitude Principles involved in the operation of mechanical devices Basic physics . Spatial Apperception Test (SAT) 35 Questions / 10 Minutes Recognition of position or altitude of an airplane by viewing from ground and horizon

4. The Test Aviation/Nautical Information Test (ANT) 30 Questions / 15 Minutes Basic aviation and nautical terminology, principles, and practices Aviation Supplemental Test 34 Questions / 25 Minutes Mixture of above types of questions Dont stress about this section, just do the best you can.

5. The Scores Academic Qualification Rating (AQR) Scoring emphasis on MST Pilot Flight Aptitude Rating (PFAR) Scoring emphasis on ANIT, SAT Flight Officer Flight Aptitude Rating (FOFAR) Scoring emphasis on MST

6. Sample Test Problems No Penalty for Guessing These only demonstrate a sampling of questions found on the ASTB. For a more comprehensive sampling, use one of the ASTB study guides*. *NOMI does not endorse any particular guide.

7. MST (1) Two trains running on the same track travel at the rates of 30 and 35 mph, respectively. If the slower train starts out an hour earlier, how long will it take the faster train to catch up with it? (A) 4 hours (B) 5 hours (C) 6 hours (D) 7 hours In 1 hour, slower train is 30 miles ahead. Every hour, the faster train gains 5 miles (it is 5mph faster) 30/5 = 6 hours to gain that 30 mile lead

8. MST (2) A naval detachment has enough rations to feed sixteen people for 10 days. If four more people join the detachment, for how many fewer days will the rations last? (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 16 people for 10 days 16 x 10 = 160 rations 16 + 4 = 20 people total 160 / 20 = 8 days Therefore 2 days less Second Technique to solve: let n = # ration days for 20 people 16 x 10 = 20 x n n = 160/20 = 8 days (2 days less)

9. MST (3) A field can be plowed by 9 machines in 5 hours. If 3 machines are broken and cannot be used, how many hours will it take to plow the field? (A) 7 hours (B) 8 hours (C) 9 hours (D) 10 hours 9 machines take 5 hours, so.. 9 x 5 = 45 hours for 1 machine 9 x 5 = 1 x n (n = # hrs for 1 machine) If 3 are broken: 9 3 = 6 machines working 1 x 45 = 6 x c (c= # hrs for 6 machines) n = 45/6 = 7 hours Other Method: n = # hours for 6 machines 9 x 5 = 6 x n 45 = 6n n = 45/6 = 7.5

10. MST (4) A family drove from New York to San Francisco, a distance of 3,000 miles. They drove 1/10 of the distance the first day and 1/9 of the remaining distance the second day. How many miles were left to be driven? (A) 2,200 (B) 2,300 (C) 2,400 (D) 2,500 First day: Drove 1/10 of 3000 = 300 Therefore 2,700 miles remaining Second day: Drove 1/9 of 2,700 = 300 Therefore 2,400 miles remaining

11. Other MST tips Triangle 180 degrees total Right triangle has 1 corner = 90 Complementary angles add up to 90 Pythagorean Theorem a + b = c Areas Circumference

12. MCT (1) In the figure shown above, X is the driver gear and Y is the driven gear. If the idler gear is rotating clockwise, (A) gear X and gear Y are rotating clockwise (B) gear X and gear Y are rotating counterclockwise (C) gear X is rotating clockwise, while gear Y is rotating counterclockwise X Y idler

13. MCT (2) The maximum weight, W, that can be lifted as shown with a pull of 100 pounds is (A) 100 pounds (B) 200 pounds (C) 300 pounds The number of pulleys indicates the mechanical advantage. In this case, it is 2 2 x 100lbs = 200lbs 100 lb. pull W

14. MCT (3) This ones a little tougher. Dont be skerred!

15. MCT (3) A 5-kg wad of clay is tied to the end of a string. A 300- gm copper moving horizontally is embedded into the clay and causes the clay and ball to rise to a height of 0.2 m. The initial velocity v 1 of the ball is nearly A) 6.3 m/s B) 7.3 m/s C) 8.3 m/s KE = mv 2 and PE = mgh. By conservation of energy, KE must equal PE. Solve for v! (0.3 kg )(v 2 ) = (5 + 0.3 kg)(9.8 m/s)(0.2 m)

16. RST (1) The voters showed their ____ by staying away from the polls (A) affluence (B) apathy (C) interest (D) registration -lack of interest

17. OTHER RST HINTS Another type of questions consists of a passage followed by a list of statements. You must identify the statement that is most true. Hint: DO NOT assume anything, even if you know its true. The most correct statement is the one that can DIRECTLY be made from the passage.

18. RST (2) Genuine coins have an even and distinct corrugated outer edge; the corrugated outer edges on counterfeit coins are usually uneven, crooked, or missing. counterfeit coins can rarely be distinguished from genuine coins counterfeit coins never lose their corrugated outer edge genuine coins never lose their uneven, corrugated outer edge the quality of the outer edge may show that a coin is counterfeit There is nothing in the quote to support the first three choices

19. RST (3) Education should not stop when the individual has been prepared to make a livelihood and to live in modern society; living would be mere existence were there no appreciation and enjoyment of the riches of art, literature, and science. This quotation best supports the statement that true education deals chiefly with art, literature, and science disregards practical goals prepares an individual for a full enjoyment of life teaches a person to focus on the routine problems of life The other choices do not address the quotation as much as the third choice.

20. SAT 1. Look for position of the horizon Climbing, diving, level flight If the horizon is above the middle of the picture, the plane is diving If the horizon is below the middle, climbing 2. Look for angle of the horizon 3. Look for position of the coastline

21. SAT (1) Distance above horizon Distance below horizon 1. Check horizon 2. Angle of horizon 3. Check for land position Traveling AWAY from land mass

22. SAT (2) 1. Check horizon 2. Angle of horizon 3. Check for land position Distance above horizon greater

23. SAT (3) Distance above horizon Distance below horizon 1. Check horizon 2. Angle of horizon 3. Check for land position Land mass on left side

24. ANT Plane parts

25. ANIT concepts Wing diagram Camber curvature of wing Chord Span Angle of Attack

26. ANIT Planes Of Motion PITCH YAW ROLL

27. ANIT Direction 360 090 180 270 36 18 Runways direction of landing/takeoff Wind direction it is coming FROM 225 Parallel Runways (notice opposite ends) 32L 32R 14L 14R

28. ANIT Wing Types How they are attached to the airplane How they look Photo Under Construction (I dont have one) so you get my stick figures Dihedral wings give aircraft roll stability Anhedral wings enhanced roll performance

29. Aviation Knowledge Wake Turbulence Angle of Attack Ground Effect Lights Four Forces Wing Shapes Flight Controls Space Knowledge Nautical Terminology

30. ANIT (1) The pilot yaws an airplane by using the (A) flaps (B) ailerons (C) elevators (D) trim (E) rudder

31. ANIT (2) Camber is the: (A) curvature of an airfoil between the leading edge and the trailing edge (B) distance between the leading edge and the trailing edge (C) distance between each wingtip (D) angle between the chord line of the wing and the relative wind (E) angle between the longitudinal axis of an airplane and the wing chord line

32. ANIT (3) A nautical mile is: (A) 2 times that of a statute mile (B) 1.5 times that of a statute mile (C) 1.25 times that of a statute mile (D) 1.15 times that of a statute mile (E) equal to a statute mile

33. ANIT (4) A navigation light associated with port is: (A) white (B) red (C) green (D) yellow (E) none of the above -indicates the direction of the vessel -starboard -special circumstances

34. ANIT (5) A stall is caused by (A) a hesitation of the aircraft engine (B) the horizontal component of lift (C) the separation of airflow from the wings upper surface (D) a change in the coefficient of lift (E) a reduced angle of attack

35. Resources NASA Website http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K- 12/airplane/guided.htm Has lots of info, scroll down to Parts of Plane NKO Sign in to https://wwwa.nko.navy.mil Click on Learning Scroll down and you should see a picture that says Navy Education Resource Center, click Now click on Online Books or Online Practice Tests