Understanding the Concept of pH and the Self-Ionization of Water

Understanding the Concept of pH and the Self-Ionization of Water
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pH concentration, as well as the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-), are crucial measures of the acidity and alkalinity

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About Understanding the Concept of pH and the Self-Ionization of Water

PowerPoint presentation about 'Understanding the Concept of pH and the Self-Ionization of Water'. This presentation describes the topic on pH concentration, as well as the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-), are crucial measures of the acidity and alkalinity. The key topics included in this slideshow are . Download this presentation absolutely free.

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Slide1WHAT IS PH?Concentration and hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions  are a measure of The acidity and alkalinity of a solution.

Slide2HOW WAS THE CONCEPT OF PHDEVELOPED? H 2  O is a molecule. Therefore, pure water does not conduct electricity.

Slide3OR DOES IT?When pure water was found to conduct very small currents of electricity, the self-ionization of water  was discovered.

Slide4SELF-IONIZATION OF WATERH 2  O    H +  + OH - Water can  dissociate into Hydronium ions and hydroxide ions.

Slide5HOW MUCH DISSOCIATION ISTHERE? [H + ] = 1 x 10 -7  M [OH - ] = 1 x 10 -7  M Therefore: [H + ] x [OH - ] = 1 x 10 -14  M

Slide6[H+ ]X [OH - ] =  1 X 10 -14  M Is called the Ion-product constant AKA: k w

Slide7ION PRODUCT CONSTANTK w  = 1 x 10 -14  M

Slide8ACIDITY IS A MEASURE OF THE [H+ ] OF A SOLUTION. If the [H + ] of a solution is 1.0 x 10 -5 M, is the solution acidic, basic or neutral? 1.0x 10 -5  M is greater than 1.0 x 10 -7  M Therefore the solution is acidic

Slide9PRACTICE: ACIDIC, BASIC ORNEUTRAL? 1. [H + ] = 6.0 x 10 -10 M 2. [H + ] = 2.0 x 10 -7  M 3. [OH - ] = 1.0 x 10  -7  M

Slide10SOLVE THESE PROBLEMS USING  K W  = [H + ] X [OH - ]  AND DETERMINE WHETHER SOLUTION IS ACIDIC, NEUTRAL OR BASIC 1. [OH - ] =  1 x 10 -3 2. [OH - ] =  2.0 x 10 -11 3. [OH -  ] = 3.5 x 10 -7

Slide11THE PH SCALERanges from 0 -14. 0 – 6.9 = acidic 7.0 = neutral 7.1 – 14.0 = basic (alkaline)

Slide12SO WHERE DO THESE NUMBERSCOME FROM? pH = - log [H + ] That’s where they come from!

Slide13WHAT IS THE PH?1. [H + ] = 1.0 x 10 -   4  M 2. [H +  ] = 1.0 x 10  -2  M 3. [H + ] = 1.0 x 10  -10  M 4. [H + ] = 1.0 x 10 -7  M 5. [H + ] = 1.0 x 10 -14  M

Slide14ANSWERS1. 4 2. 2 3. 10 4. 7 5. 14

Slide15GET YOUR CALCULATORS OUTAND PRACTICE. 1. [H + ] = 0.0045 M 2. [H + ] = 8.7 x 10 -6  M 3. [H + ] = 0.0015M 4. [H + ] = 1.2 x 10 -3  M

Slide16ANSWERS1. PH = 2.35 2. PH = 5.06 3. PH = 2.82 4. PH = 2.92

Slide17FIND THE PH AND DETERMINE IF ITIS ACID BASIC OR NEUTRAL • [H + ] = 1.5 x 10 -9 • [H + ] = 3.4 x 10 -2 • [H + ] = 5.5 x 10 -11 • [H + ] = 1.0 x 10 -7

Slide18YOU CAN ALSO CALCULATE PHFROM [OH -  ] If you are given [OH - ] use    [H + ] =  1 x 10 -14                                             [OH - ] To find hydrogen ion concentration then solve for pH pH =  –log [H + ]

Slide19LET’S PRACTICECalculate the pH of a solution with a [OH - ] of 3.5 x 10 -9

Slide20EXIT SLIP: YOUR NAME HERE……1. Find the pH of a solution with an hydroxide concentration of  [OH - ] = 2.9 x 10 -5 2. A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of     [H + ] = 5.0 x 10  -12   . Is it acidic, basic or neutral?

Slide21BRAINPOP