Characterizing Standard Working Systems for Shea Handling.

Characterizing Standard Operating Procedures for Shea Processing Peter Lovett WATH/Pro Karité

Multiple business sectors Traditional spread Cultural & locational variety Edible, beauty care products, restorative, cleanser, and so forth Non-conventional consumable Cocoa Butter Improvers, margarines, and so forth Non-customary individual consideration Pomades, cleanser, pharmaceuticals, and so forth

Multiple techniques Pits – smoked – manipulated in-water Piles – bubbled – singed – plied in-water Piles – bubbled – expeller Dried crude – sand-broiled – bubbled in-water Dried crude – squeezed

Quality Parameters Free unsaturated fats Peroxide values Unsaponifiable substance & profile Melting point Humidity Impurities Color

Consistency! SOP x SOP y 2 Free Fatty Acid % 1 0 Batch # Batch #

Production cost versus market value Processing inputs Firewood, water, work, and so on Technology costs Extraction rate Refining cost Market request

E.g. taken a toll versus value Drier Grinding factory Pressing machine Cost Sell Profit 500 600 100 550 600 50 700 750 50 1000 1200 200

Standard Operating Procedures Need regulated procedure Understanding of every stage Timing Effect on quality Extraction rates Cost of every stage Expected "quality" at a given "consistency"

Traditional SOPs E.g. SOP 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and so on To incorporate scope of conventional techniques Expected` Degraded oil Wide "consistency" territory Cultural request Large market

Mid-range SOPs Produces a standard item great consistency Medium oil quality, e.g. FFA 3-4% Probably advance refining expected Soap making, deodorisation, and so on Ease of creation requiring little to no effort E.g. portions for fare, national cleanser generation

Top extent SOPs High set-up cost preparing, driers, presses, and so on Niche showcases High consistency High "Quality @ Quantity" (e.g. <1% FFA) Certification most likely requested by business sector Cosmetics, pharmaceuticals

Key inquiries - Quality Provenance profiles Unsaponifiables Effect of collection & fluid extraction Cause of peroxide development amid bubbling Levels of PAHs & elective strategies Economic, proficient drying techniques

Market driven Offer quality parameters Assess market request quality, amount & value Finalize quality guidelines Certification strategies Networks to permit free market access Offer SOPs to makers & purchasers…