Problem Solving in Geometry with Proportions

Problem Solving in Geometry with Proportions
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This slide covers additional properties of proportions in geometry. It explains how ratios of four numbers, represented as a:b

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PowerPoint presentation about 'Problem Solving in Geometry with Proportions'. This presentation describes the topic on This slide covers additional properties of proportions in geometry. It explains how ratios of four numbers, represented as a:b. The key topics included in this slideshow are . Download this presentation absolutely free.

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Slide1Problem Solving inGeometry with Proportions

Slide2Slide #2Additional Properties of Proportions a b = c d a c = b d , then a b = c d a + b b = d , then IF IF c + d

Slide3Slide #3Ex. 1:  Using Properties of Proportions p 6 = r 10 p r = 3 5 , then IF p 6 = r 10 p r = 6 10 Given a b = c d ,  then a c = b d

Slide4Slide #4Ex. 1:  Using Properties of Proportions p r = 3 5 IF Simplify   The statement is true.

Slide5Slide #5Ex. 1:  Using Properties of Proportions a 3 = c 4 Given a + 3 3 = 4 a b = c d ,  then a + b b = c + d d c + 4 a + 3 3 ≠ 4 c + 4 Because these conclusions are not equivalent, the statement is false.

Slide6Slide #6Ex. 2:  Using Properties of Proportions  In the diagram AB = BD AC CE Find the length of BD. Do you get the fact that AB  ≈ AC?

Slide7Slide #7Solution AB = AC BD    CE 16 = 30 – 10  x          10 16  = 20  x      10 20x = 160  x = 8 Given Substitute Simplify Cross Product Property Divide each side by 20.  So, the length of BD is 8.

Slide8Slide #8 Geometric Mean   The geometric mean of two positive numbers a and b is the positive number x such that a x = x b If you solve this proportion for x, you find that x =  √a ∙ b which is a positive number.

Slide9Slide #9Geometric Mean Example  For example, the geometric mean of 8 and 18 is  12 , because and also because x = √8 ∙ 18  = x = √144 = 12 8 12 = 18 12

Slide10Slide #10Ex. 3:  Using a geometric mean  PAPER SIZES. International standard paper sizes are commonly used all over the world.  The various sizes all have the same width-to-length ratios. Two sizes of paper are shown, called A4 and A3. The distance labeled x is the geometric mean of 210 mm and 420 mm.  Find the value of x.

Slide11Slide #11Solution: 210 x = x 420 X 2  = 210  ∙ 420 X = √210 ∙ 420 X = √210 ∙ 210 ∙ 2 X = 210√2 Write proportion Cross product property Simplify Simplify Factor The geometric mean of 210 and 420 is 210 √2, or about 297mm.

Slide12Slide #12Using proportions in real life  In general when solving word problems that involve proportions, there is more than one correct way to set up the proportion.

Slide13Slide #13Ex. 4:  Solving a proportion  MODEL BUILDING.  A scale model of the Titanic is 107.5 inches long and 11.25 inches wide.  The Titanic itself was 882.75 feet long. How wide was it? Width of Titanic Length of Titanic Width of model Length of model = LABELS: Width of Titanic = x Width of model ship = 11.25 in Length of Titanic = 882.75 feet Length of model ship = 107.5 in.

Slide14Slide #14Reasoning: Write the proportion. Substitute. Multiply each side by 11.25. Use a calculator. Width of Titanic Length of Titanic Width of model Length of model  x feet 882.75 feet 11.25 in. 107.5 in. 11.25(882.75) 107.5 in. = = x   x  ≈ 92.4 feet =  So, the Titanic was about 92.4 feet wide.

Slide15Slide #15Note:  Notice that the proportion in Example 4 contains measurements that are not in the same units.  When writing a proportion in unlike units, the numerators should have the same units and the denominators should have the same units.  The inches (units) cross out when you cross multiply.