Impact of maternal malaria during pregnancy on infant mortality rate in a highly endemic area

Impact of maternal malaria during pregnancy on infant mortality rate in a highly endemic area
paly

This article explores the impact of maternal malaria during pregnancy on infant mortality rates in a highly endemic area. The authors, Ali Akbar Haghdoost

About Impact of maternal malaria during pregnancy on infant mortality rate in a highly endemic area

PowerPoint presentation about 'Impact of maternal malaria during pregnancy on infant mortality rate in a highly endemic area'. This presentation describes the topic on This article explores the impact of maternal malaria during pregnancy on infant mortality rates in a highly endemic area. The authors, Ali Akbar Haghdoost. The key topics included in this slideshow are . Download this presentation absolutely free.

Presentation Transcript


Slide1Impact of  maternal  malaria during  pregnancy  on  Infant Mortality  Rate  in  an  highly endemic  area Impact  of  maternal  malaria during  pregnancy  on  Infant Mortality  Rate  in  an  highly endemic  area Ali-Akbar Haghdoost ,  London school of hygiene and tropical medicine Neal Alexander ,  London school of hygiene and tropical medicine Tom Smith ,  Swiss Tropical Institute Department of Public Health & Epidemiology Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Manson House 12th December 2002

Slide2Why malaria  during  pregnancy  is  important? Why  malaria  during  pregnancy  is  important? Pregnant Women: pregnancy immunity severity

Slide3Maternalimmunity Malaria during pregnancy Baby Anaemia in woman Placental infection Severe disease and/or infection decrease decrease Congenital malaria  (rare) LBW and anaemia mortality mortality increase increase

Slide4highly  endemic  are  in  Northern  Nigeria,  highly  endemic  are  in  Northern  Nigeria,  The  garki  project:  more  than  12,000  people were  followed  in  23  survey  The  garki  project:  more  than  12,000  people were  followed  in  23  survey  Mother’s  and  baby’s  data  were  linked  base data  collection  time  and  birth  dates  and, compound  ID,  417  pairs  out  of  747  deliveries  Mother’s  and  baby’s  data  were  linked  base data  collection  time  and  birth  dates  and, compound  ID,  417  pairs  out  of  747  deliveries  Rate  ratio  for  infection  during  first  and second  half  of  pregnancy  on  IMR  were computed  by  Poisson  regression  model  Rate  ratio  for  infection  during  first  and second  half  of  pregnancy  on  IMR  were computed  by  Poisson  regression  model

Slide5Time of  infection IMR Time  of  infection IMR First  half 0.69 First  half 0.69 Second  half 1.47 Second  half 1.47 Any  time 0.94 Any  time 0.94 Offspring  malaria  rate Offspring  malaria  rate 0.73 0.73 1.52 1.52 1.0 1.0 Malaria  during  the  first  half  of  pregnancy is  a  protective  factor,  however  during  the second  half  is  a  risk  factor  for  IM  and  also contracting  infection  after  birth Malaria  during  the  first  half  of  pregnancy is  a  protective  factor,  however  during  the second  half  is  a  risk  factor  for  IM  and  also contracting  infection  after  birth

Slide6Malaria during                crude Malaria  during                crude RR   PAF RR   PAF First  half 0.67    - First  half 0.67    - Second  half  1.47 0.12 Second  half  1.47 0.12 Any  time 0.94    - Any  time 0.94    -     Adjusted  for  baby’s  malaria     Adjusted  for  baby’s  malaria RR PAF RR PAF 0.76    - 0.76    - 1.74 0.16 1.74 0.16 1.15 0.06 1.15 0.06 Adjusted  >  crude Adjusted  >  crude Why? Why? Might  be  due  to  maternal  immunity Might  be  due  to  maternal  immunity The  effect  of  malaria  in  the  first  and second  half  of  pregnancy  is  different The  effect  of  malaria  in  the  first  and second  half  of  pregnancy  is  different

Slide7SPR and  risk  of  infection  in  pregnant  and  non- pregnant  women SPR  and  risk  of  infection  in  pregnant  and  non- pregnant  women Group pregnant non-pregnant Group pregnant non-pregnant SPR      SPR      0.14 0.16 Risk  of  infection     Risk  of  infection     18.5 34.7 Why pregnant  women  has  less  chance  of  infection? Why   pregnant  women  has  less  chance  of  infection? 1. Higher  immunity 1. Higher  immunity 2. Lower  risk  of  exposure 2. Lower  risk  of  exposure

Slide8WHO recommendation: WHO  recommendation: Prompt  treatment  for  all  demonstrable  disease Prompt  treatment  for  all  demonstrable  disease Prophylaxes  for  all  pregnant  women Prophylaxes  for  all  pregnant  women Although  it  is  correct,  to  make  more  precise  plan  we should  think  about Although  it  is  correct,  to  make  more  precise  plan  we should  think  about The  difference  between  infection  and  disease The  difference  between  infection  and  disease  Endemisity  of  malaria  Endemisity  of  malaria  Drug  resistance  Drug  resistance  Pregnancy  age  Pregnancy  age  Socio-economic  and  nutritional  status  of  people  Socio-economic  and  nutritional  status  of  people