America's Shift from Isolationism to Global Power

Slide1America Claims An  Empire America  Claims An  Empire Guiding Question: What motivated the U.S. to move from an isolationist foreign policy to become a global power at the end of the 19 th  century?

Slide2What do  you  think  this  cartoon suggests  about  the  United  States? What  do  you  think  this  cartoon suggests  about  the  United  States? Cuba Cuba

Slide3Isolationist to  Global  Power Isolationist  to  Global  Power ► In  his  1796  Farewell Address,  President Washington  cautioned Americans  to  “steer  clear of  permanent  alliances.” ► In  his  1796  Farewell Address,  President Washington  cautioned Americans  to  “steer  clear of  permanent  alliances.”     ► This  warning  became  a theme  of  government policy  for  the  next  100 years,  but  in  the  late 1800s,  Americans  began looking  outward  to  the larger  world. ► This  warning  became  a theme  of  government policy  for  the  next  100 years,  but  in  the  late 1800s,  Americans  began looking  outward  to  the larger  world.

Slide4Isolationist to  Global  Power Isolationist  to  Global  Power   What  do  you  think  caused the  U.S.  to  become  more involved  in  world  affairs during  this  time  after  the Civil  War?   What  do  you  think  caused the  U.S.  to  become  more involved  in  world  affairs during  this  time  after  the Civil  War?

Slide5VocabularyVocabulary ► ISOLATIONISM :  a  policy  of  pulling  away from  involvement  in  world  affairs ► ISOLATIONISM :  a  policy  of  pulling  away from  involvement  in  world  affairs

Slide6VocabularyVocabulary ► MONROE  DOCTRINE :  an  1823  warning  to all  outside  powers  not  to  interfere  with Affairs  in  the  Western  Hemisphere. ► MONROE  DOCTRINE :  an  1823  warning  to all  outside  powers  not  to  interfere  with Affairs  in  the  Western  Hemisphere.

Slide7VocabularyVocabulary ► NEUTRALITY :  refusal  to  take  part  in  a  war between  other  nations ► NEUTRALITY :  refusal  to  take  part  in  a  war between  other  nations

Slide8VocabularyVocabulary ► EXPANSIONISM :  a  nation's  practice  or policy  of  territorial  or  economic  growth ► EXPANSIONISM :  a  nation's  practice  or policy  of  territorial  or  economic  growth

Slide9VocabularyVocabulary ► IMPERIALISM :  the  policy  in  which  stronger nations  extend  their  economic,  political  or military  control  over  weaker  territories ► IMPERIALISM :  the  policy  in  which  stronger nations  extend  their  economic,  political  or military  control  over  weaker  territories

Slide10Foreign Policy  vs.  Domestic  Policy Foreign  Policy  vs.  Domestic  Policy ► A  country’s  dealings with  another   country ► A  country’s  dealings with  another   country ► Outside   the  country ► Outside   the  country ► Examples: ► Examples:  Isolationism  Isolationism  Expansionism  Expansionism  Imperialism  Imperialism  Neutrality  Neutrality ► Internal  affairs  or dealings  of  a  country ► Within   a  country ► Examples:  Progressive  Reformers

Slide11►What  does  the  eagle symbolize? ► What  does  the  eagle symbolize? ► What  point  does  the cartoonist  make  in portraying  this  eagle with  outstretched wings? ► What  point  does  the cartoonist  make  in portraying  this  eagle with  outstretched wings?

Slide12American Imperialism American  Imperialism

Slide13What motivated  U.S.  imperialism? 1.  Political :  Desire  for  Military  Strength What  motivated  U.S.  imperialism? 1.  Political :  Desire  for  Military  Strength ► European  imperialists  had been  competing  for colonies  around  the  world while  the  U.S.  had remained  focused  on domestic  affairs ► European  imperialists  had been  competing  for colonies  around  the  world while  the  U.S.  had remained  focused  on domestic  affairs ► Seeing  that  other  nations were  establishing  global military  presence,  US leaders  pushed  to  build its  own  military  strength ► Seeing  that  other  nations were  establishing  global military  presence,  US leaders  pushed  to  build its  own  military  strength

Slide15What motivated  U.S.  imperialism? 2.  Economic :  Thirst  for  New  Markets What  motivated  U.S.  imperialism? 2.  Economic :  Thirst  for  New  Markets ► Need  raw  materials  for new  factories  during Industrial  Age ► Need  raw  materials  for new  factories  during Industrial  Age ► Overproduction  of food/goods  (technology allowed  farmers  to produce  more  food  than Americans  could  consume) ► Overproduction  of food/goods  (technology allowed  farmers  to produce  more  food  than Americans  could  consume) ► Influx  of  immigrants  leads to  unemployment  and economic  depression ► Influx  of  immigrants  leads to  unemployment  and economic  depression

Slide16What motivated  U.S.  imperialism? 3.  Social :  Cultural/Religious  Superiority What  motivated  U.S.  imperialism? 3.  Social :  Cultural/Religious  Superiority ► Social  Darwinism ► Social  Darwinism  Free  market  competition  would lead  to  survival  of  the  fittest  Free  market  competition  would lead  to  survival  of  the  fittest  Belief  in  racial  superiority  of Anglo  Saxons  Belief  in  racial  superiority  of Anglo  Saxons ► “White  Man’s  Burden” ► “White  Man’s  Burden”  US  had  responsibility  to  spread Christianity  and  “civilization”  to world’s  inferior  people  who couldn’t  rule  themselves  US  had  responsibility  to  spread Christianity  and  “civilization”  to world’s  inferior  people  who couldn’t  rule  themselves Pears' Soap  McClure's Magazine  (Oct. 1899). The first step towards lightening the White Man's Burden is through teaching the virtues of cleanliness. Pears' Soap is a potent factor in brightening the dark corners of the earth as civilization advances, while amongst the cultured of all nations it holds the highest place -- it is the ideal toilet soap.

Slide17…Coming Tomorrow…The  Spanish-American  War… …Coming  Tomorrow…The  Spanish-American  War… Cuba Cuba