Resistance Management in North America: Drivers and Objectives

Resistance Management in North America: Drivers and Objectives
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This article discusses the drivers and objectives of resistance management in North America, including the role of regulatory agencies, industry efforts, and university and extension recommendations.

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1. Hendrik L. Ypema - BASF Corporation Roger P. Kaiser - Bayer CropScience Research Triangle Park North Carolina, USA Resistance management in North America North American FRAC and NAQoI

2. November 18,2002 Objectives for NAFRAC Promote FRAC objectives in North America Provide a local voice for Industry to Regulatory Agencies Insure adoption of sound resistance management practices with clear rules and recommendations that fit local needs

3. November 18,2002 Drivers of resistance management guidelines in North America Regulatory effort: US EPA and Canada PMRA Industry effort: NAFRAC and NAQoI University and Extension recommendations (Influences)

4. November 18,2002 Canada (PMRA): Regulatory Directive 99-06, Oct. 1999 [ http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/pmra-arla ] PMRA encourages adoption of voluntary guidelines for all new and existing products - Target date: all labels with guidelines by Jan. 1, 2004 USEPA guidelines: PR Notice 2001-5, June 2001 [ http://www.epa.gov/opppmsd1/PR_Notices/] EPA encourages adoption of voluntary guidelines for all new and existing products (No timeframe as EPA lacks clear legal authority to impose guidelines) Fungicide Resistance Management The Regulatory Basis

5. November 18,2002 Importance of the Label in NA The label is a legal and public document Not following restrictions on the label is a violation of the law Restriction examples: Sentences starting with do not Sentence starting with an imperative verb It is not a violation to not follow label recommendations Recommendation examples Sentences incorporating words like should, or it is recommended

6. November 18,2002 USEPA and PMRA Guidelines Objectives Provide a common scheme of classification of pesticides according to target site/mode of action, using a standard format (For example: QoIs are Group 11) Group identification symbols on the end-use product labels Guidelines for labeling resistance-management strategies in the use directions

7. November 18,2002 Front-panel of the label typically in the center) (one active ingredient, one mode of action) (multiple active ingredients with different mode of action) PR Notice 2001-5 Numerical Classification GROUP FUNGICIDES 1 2 3 GROUP FUNGICIDE 1

8. November 18,2002 PR Notice 2001-5 Directions for Use Avoid repeated , consecutive use of the same MOA Use tank mixes or premixes from a different MOA Use an effective IPM program Monitor fields for loss of fungicide efficacy Contact field experts for resistance management advice Contact the producer to report loss of efficacy

9. November 18,2002 Canada Implementation PMRA encourages adoption of voluntary guidelines for all new and existing products - Target date Jan. 1, 2004 24 product labels to date PMRA increase efforts: Adding resistance management text to draft label Need to identify barriers The resistance management labeling progress will be reassessed on a yearly basis to determine if further action is needed Adding the guidelines is a requirement for joint review of pesticide labels

10. November 18,2002 US Implementation EPA encourages adoption of voluntary guidelines for all new and existing products (no timeframe) Add classification and labeling statements by notification New a.i.s and amendments on priority list over time Reduced Risk Screening Process Adding the guidelines is a requirement for joint review of pesticide labels

11. November 18,2002 High Priority Issues Monitoring for resistance (label language) Should there be scientifically valid monitoring or Notification of field failures with follow-up Identification of new Groups (Coordinate with FRAC) U and P are unacceptable because of proposed label language.

12. November 18,2002 North American FRAC Manage the adoption of resistance management language on fungicide labels Keep our organization small - create new working groups only on an as needed basis Provide resource to NA: speakers publications web-site