Analyzing the Historical Arrangement and Constitutional Issues of Missouri's Local Government

Analyzing the Historical Arrangement and Constitutional Issues of Missouri's Local Government
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This article explores the historical roots and constitutional issues surrounding the locally elected governing bodies in Missouri. The focus is on the power delegated to these bodies to regulate internal

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Slide1I.Analyze  the  Missouri  state  government‘s historical  arrangement  and  constitutional issues. Main Idea (1c): Local Government. UNIT 4:   The Missouri Constitution Liberty and the Law Mr. Presley

Slide2C.  MAIN  IDEA  -  Local  Government Where  most  citizens  begin  is  at  the  locally  elected governing  bodies,  where  much  of  the  power  to regulate  internal  affairs  in  Missouri  is  delegated,  such as  governments  of  counties,  cities,  townships  and various  districts. These  local  units  have  no  reserved  powers  of  their own,  but  only  those  which  are  granted  to  them  by the  Missouri  Constitution  under  Article  VI. The  state  sets  up  both  the  basic  frameworks  of government  available  to  the  local  units  and  also  the conditions  governing  local  choice  and implementation. The  people  in  the  local  units  fill  in  the  details  with appropriate  actions  and  ordinances,  being  allowed varying  degrees  of  discretion  depending  on  the  size of  the  population  and  other  factors.

Slide3There are  114  counties  in  Missouri,  plus  the  City of  St.  Louis  which,  under  the  constitution,  has county  status. With  the  exception  of  the  City  of  St.  Louis,  all 114  Missouri  counties  have  some  basic  type of  county  government,  although  the  structure and  operation  of  county  governments  vary considerably. Most  county  governments  are  directed  by  the presiding  commissioner  of  the  county commission  and  the  other  commissioners  of the  commission;  all  of  them  are  elected  by  the people. The  county  commission  serves  as  both  the central  executive  and  legislative  body.

Slide4Within each  county  there  is  a  collection  of  separate elective  officers  performing  various  tasks. Most  counties  elect  a  prosecuting  attorney, sheriff,  coroner,  assessor,  and  a  revenue collector. Other  elected,  appointed  or  contracted  personnel, perform  necessary  law  enforcement,  clerical, maintenance,  recordkeeping  and  fiscal management  duties  to  support  government operations. County  governments  are  characterized  by  varying degrees  of  coordination  and  centralization. This  is  due  in  part  to  the  fact  that  the  General Assembly  and  the  governor  are  themselves, technically,  the  primary  legislative  and  executive organs  of  the  state  and  its  subdivisions.

Slide5There are  three  main  types  of  city  government being  used  in  Missouri  today:  the  mayor-council form,  the  commission  form  and  the  council manager  form. The  mayor-council  form  is  the  form  of  city government  which  appears  most  frequently  in Missouri. The  council  members  are  usually  elected  from subdivisions  (wards)  of  the  city  in  order  to adopt  the  ordinances  (local  laws)  for  the  city, while  the  mayor  acts  as  the  chief  executive  of the  mayor-council  organization  and  is responsible  for  carrying  out  the  ordinances made  by  the  council.

Slide6In the  commission  form,  the  board  of commissioners,  (or  the  city  council  in  some places),  performs  both  the  legislative  and  the executive  functions. The  board  of  commissioners  (elected  by  the people  of  the  city)  has  the  duty  of  passing  the ordinances  which  govern  the  affairs  of  its city,  but  also  each  commissioner  then  acts  as a  department  head  and  carries  out  one particular  group  of  ordinances.

Slide7Finally, the  council-manager  form   of government  is  comprised  of  a  council,  a mayor,  and  a  city  manager  -  The  council passes  the  city  ordinances,  and  its  members are  elected  from  wards  within  the  city,  while the  duties  of  the  mayor  include  presiding  at council  meetings. The  mayor  has  little  administrative  power,  for the  administrative  power  lies  with  the  city’s chief  executive,  known  as  the  city  manager, who  is  a  nonpartisan  official  hired  by  the  city as  an  administrator.

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