May the Force Be With You: Understanding the Concept of Force and Newton's Laws of Motion


Force is a fundamental concept in physics that refers to any push or pull on an object. This force can cause objects to move from
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About May the Force Be With You: Understanding the Concept of Force and Newton's Laws of Motion
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Slide1May the Force Be With You!
Slide2What is FORCE?• A push or pull on an object • Causing resting objects to move • Causing moving objects to accelerate
Slide3Two Main Force Types• Balanced Forces – Two Forces – Opposite directions – Both are equal in value – No movement (stationary) • Unbalanced Forces – Two Forces – One greater than the other – Opposite directions – Movement
Slide4Newton’ s 3 Laws of Motion
Slide51st Law of Motion • The Law – Objects at rest remain at rest or objects in motion remain in motion unless acted on by a force • AKA – Law of INERTIA
Slide61st Law of Motion • Inertia —force that is resistant to the direction of motion • Concept —unbalanced forces • Ex: – inertia belts (seat belts) – Space ships going through space
Slide72nd Law of Motion • The Law – The acceleration of a body depends on the ratio of the acting force to the mass of the body • Concept – Unbalanced forces • AKA – The force formula
Slide8Force Formula• Force = mass * acceleration F= m*a • F= force (unit = Newton) • m= mass (unit = kg) • a= acceleration (unit m/s 2
Slide9Force Example Problems#1 How much force is needed to accelerate a 500-kg car at a rate of 4 m/s/s? #2 A 50-kg object is accelerating at a rate of 2 m/s/s, what is the force that caused this acceleration?
Slide103rd Law of Motion • The Law – For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction • Concept – Balanced Forces • Ex – Stationary Objects – Rockets being launched
Slide11Applying the 3rd Law • If Rico kicked a ball with 100-N of force, how much force did the ball exert on Rico?
Slide13What is Friction?• Is a force that resist motion and can cause heat • Allows us to walk, drive a car, play sports • Lubricants help reduce friction
Slide144 Types of Friction• Static Friction – Friction force on stationary objects – Ex: book sitting on desk • Sliding Friction – Friction acting on objects sliding over a surface – Ex: pushing a box • Rolling Friction – Friction acting on objects that are rolling – Ex: car tired • Fluid Friction – Friction acting on objects going through a fluid – Fluid —liquid or gas – Ex: swimming or air resistance
Slide15ID the type of Friction
Slide16What is Gravity?• A force that acts between masses • Acts downward • Acceleration due to gravity (on Earth)= 9.8 m/s/s
Slide17What is Air Resistance?• Force that slows down falling objects • Factors – Atmosphere – Surface area of object • Acts upward
Slide18Gravity and Air Resistance: ARelationship • They are opposite forces • Gravity goes down • Air resistance acts up • Follows Newton ’ s 3 rd Law of Motion
Slide19Feather vs. Rock• EARTH – Feather floats down – Rock falls at 9.8 m/s/s – Why? • Air Resistance • Moon or Vacuum – Feather and rock fall at the same rate – WHY? • No air so no air resistance
Slide20Projectile Motion• The motion of falling objects throw forward • Two forces – Gravity – Forward velocity • Gravity acts down • Velocity acts forward • Forms a curve path
Slide21WeightIs the force of gravity acting on an object Weight Formula • Weight = mass * gravity • F g = m * g • F g = weight (unit = N) • m= mass (unit = kg) • g= gravity (9.8 m/s/s )
Slide22Weight Example Problems#1 If a 20 kg dude is on Earth, what is his weight? #2 A rock on Earth has a weight of 1000 N, what is the rock ’ s mass?