Nucleic acids: the building blocks of life

Nucleic acids: the building blocks of life
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Nucleic acids are a special group of macromolecules found in all living cells. They are very large organic compounds and there are two types: DNA and RNA. The

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Slide1MACROMOLECULESORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Slide2What is a nucleic acid ?  The last type of macromolecules is a special group called  nucleic acids .  These very large organic compounds are found in all  living cells . The two types of nucleic acids are  DNA  and RNA .

Slide3The building blocks of nucleic acids arenucleotides . Nucleotides have  A   sugar  A  phosphate  A  nitrogen base  (there are  5  different bases) What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

Slide4Structure of Nucleic AcidsThe  shape  of nuclei acids is very distinctive. A  helix  is like a spiral.

Slide5Structure of Nucleic Acids DNA  is a  double  helix similar to a spiral staircase

Slide6Structure of Nucleic Acids while RNA is a  single  strand .

Slide7What are the functions of nucleicacids?  These special macromolecules play very important roles in living organisms.  DNA carries the  hereditary traits  of an organism.  RNA helps cells make  proteins  based on the  code  found in the DNA

Slide8The DNA Molecule DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid  There are 4 different nitrogen bases in DNA  Adenine (A)  Thymine (T)  Cytosine (C)  Guanine (G)

Slide9The DNA Molecule The nitrogen bases pair up in a specific way  Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T or T-A)  Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G or G-C)  We call these bases that match up with each other  complementary

Slide10The DNA Molecule On the back of your notes page write down 9 DNA bases down the left side of your paper: A-, T-, G-, G-, T- etc.  You may list them in any order you choose  Now go back and write in the complementary base that matches each of your 9 bases

Slide11The DNA Molecule Compare your DNA molecule with the person sitting next to you  Now compare your 2 DNA molecules with the students sitting closest to you  Did anyone create the same DNA Molecule?  Why do you think this is the case?

Slide12Add to your notebook Add the page to your notebook as directed.