An Overview of Embedded Systems and Microcontrollers

An Overview of Embedded Systems and Microcontrollers
paly

This presentation provides an introduction to embedded systems, including their applications and hardware components. The focus is on microcontrollers, specifically the 8051, and includes a simple project using the AT89C51.

  • Uploaded on | 0 Views
  • nicoline nicoline

About An Overview of Embedded Systems and Microcontrollers

PowerPoint presentation about 'An Overview of Embedded Systems and Microcontrollers'. This presentation describes the topic on This presentation provides an introduction to embedded systems, including their applications and hardware components. The focus is on microcontrollers, specifically the 8051, and includes a simple project using the AT89C51.. The key topics included in this slideshow are Embedded Systems, Microcontrollers, 8051, AT89C51, Hardware,. Download this presentation absolutely free.

Presentation Transcript


1. May 16, 2005 Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University Embedded Systems Microcontrollers & Embedded Processors An Overview By: Ramtin Raji Kermani Junior student of Computer Hardware Eng. Spring 2005 In the name of God Scientific Group of CSE Presents :

2. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 Embedded Systems What is an Embedded System? Where are Embedded Systems used? Typical Embedded Systems Hardware Embedded OS and Software Microcontrollers The 8051 Microcontroller A simple project using AT89C51 References

3. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 What is and Embedded System? A specialized computer system that is part of a larger system or machine. Typically, an embedded system is housed on a single microprocessor board with the programs stored in ROM. Virtually all appliances that have a digital interface -- watches, microwaves, VCRs, cars -- utilize embedded systems. Some embedded systems include an operating system, but many are so specialized that the entire logic can be implemented as a single program. (Definition from wikipedia.com)

4. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 What is and Embedded System?

5. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 ES, Other definitions A special purpose computer built into a larger device . Special purpose: - Embedded systems have a (more or less) well-defined purpose - Contrast with: general purpose computers (PCs etc) - Both hardware and software is tailored to application(s), which are well defined - However, re-programmability is a requirement Built into a larger device: ESs are (usually) part of a larger device, augmenting its capabilities

6. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 ES, Other definitions Any device that includes a programmable computer but is not itself a general-purpose computer. Anything that uses a computer but does not look like one. The microprocessor in an embedded system is like an electric motor in a washing machine.

7. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 ES Types & Characteristics Types of Processing unit: Hardwired logic Programmable units ES Characteristics: Efficiently Cost effective Power efficiently Real-time Predictability

8. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 ES: History and Solutions A very little history: ;) The first Embedded System: Apollo Guidance Computer. Embedded Systems Solutions: Microcontrollers Embedded Processors Digital Signal processors

9. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 Where are Embedded Systems used?

10. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 Where are Embedded Systems used? Signal processing systems Real-time video, DVD players, Medical equipment. Distributed control Network routers, switches, firewalls, mass transit systems, Elevators Small systems Mobile phones, pagers, home appliances, toys, smartcards, MP3 players, PDAs, digital cameras, sensors, pc keyboard & mouse Modern cars: Up to 100 or more processors Engine control unit ABS systems (Anti Lock Brake systems) Emissions control Diagnostics and Security systems Accessories (doors, windows etc)

11. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 Typical Embedded Systems Hardware Commercial off-the-shelf components (COTS) e.g. wireless radios, sensors, I/O devices Cheap Application-Specific ICs (ASICs) ICs tailored to meet application needs Good performance for their intended task(s) Original ESs were ASICs only Domain-specific processors DSPs Microcontrollers Microprocessors General Purpose Processors

12. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 New trends in ES HW Systems-on-chip Usual (or desired) specs: 32-bit RISC CPU Built-in interfaces to RAM and ROM Built-in DMA, interrupt and timing controllers Built-in interfaces to disk or flash memory Built-in Ethernet/802.11 interfaces Built-in LCD/CRT interfaces New SOCs appearing almost every week! Examples Intel StrongARM SA-1110 Motorola PowerPC MPC823e NEC VR4181 Many, many more

13. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 Embedded OS and Software Principal role: Not transformation of data but interaction with physical world Acquires properties of physical world Takes time Consumes power Does not terminate (unless it fails)

14. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 Embedded Operating Systems: Office-style OSes PalmOS WindowsCE RTOSes VxWorks QNX Linux Linux is already ubiquitous Hundreds of different devices are using it http://www.linuxdevices.com/articles/AT4936596231.html Numerous commercial + open source products Mobile OS Symbian Others TinyOS

15. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 What is a Microcontroller? A microcontroller is an entire computer manufactured on a single chip. They have a high concentration of on-chip facilities such as serial ports, parallel input/output ports, timers, counters, interrupt control, analog-to-digital converters, random access memory, read only memory, etc.

16. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 The 8051 Microcontroller: The 8051 is the first microcontroller of the MCS-51 family introduced by Intel Corporation at the end of the 1970s. The 8051 family characteristics: 4K Bytes ROM 128 Bytes RAM two timer/counters (16 bit) A serial port 4 general purpose parallel input/output port Interrupt controller The 8051 can address 64K of external data memory and 64K of External program memory.

17. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 Microcontroller 8051 internal Architecture

18. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 8051 pin description 8051 other family members: 8751 (has EPROM) 8951 (has EEPROM)

19. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 A simple project using AT89C51 Here weve designed, built and programmed a digital BCD counter that counts from 0 to 9 on a 7Segment display. We use register A as Accumulator, in each delayed cycle the accumulator increments by one and result is showed on the 7segment display.

20. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 A simple project using AT89C51

21. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 References Web References: www.google.com http://www.embedded.com http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_system http://www.linuxdevices.com Mani Srivastavas EE202A class http://nesl.ee.ucla.edu/courses/ee202a/2002f Edward Lee, Embedded Software http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/497408.html Books: The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Mazidi, M.A. Microprocessors: Uffenbeck, john 201 8051 .

22. Department of Computer Sciences & Engineering, Shiraz University May 16, 2005 At the End T h a n k s f o r y o u r A t t e n t i o n ; ) R a m t i n R a j i K e r m a n i S p r i n g 2 0 0 5

Related