The Particle Theory of Matter and Temperature

The Particle Theory of Matter and Temperature
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Chapter 5 of Unit 2 on Heat explores how scientists use the Particle Theory of Matter to explain temperature. The theory states that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly in

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PowerPoint presentation about 'The Particle Theory of Matter and Temperature'. This presentation describes the topic on Chapter 5 of Unit 2 on Heat explores how scientists use the Particle Theory of Matter to explain temperature. The theory states that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly in. The key topics included in this slideshow are . Download this presentation absolutely free.

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Slide1Unit 2: HeatChapter 5: Scientists use the Particle Theory of Matter to describe temperature.

Slide2Anything that takes up space and has mass.

Slide3All matter is made up of tiny particles.  These particles are always moving – they have energy.  The more energy they have, the faster they move.

Slide4There is space between all particles.  There are attractive forces between the particles.  The particles of one substance are the same but differ from another substance.

Slide5Temperature: The averageenergy of the particles of a substance.

Slide6“All particles in a glass ofroom temperature water are moving at the same speed.” Explain whether this statement is true or false.

Slide7The energy of movement.  Temperature is then a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance.

Slide8Each colorrepresents a particle of a varying speed. The average of these energies would be the temperature.

Slide9AverageKinetic Energy Page 137

Slide10SolidLiquid Gas

Slide11SOLIDLIQUID GAS VOLUME Fixed Fixed Expands to fit the container SHAPE Fixed Takes  the shape of the container Takes the shape of the container PARTICLE ARRANGEMENT Strong attractive forces – closer together Moderate attractive forces – loosely held together Weak attractive forces -  very loosely held together PARTICLE MOVEMENT Vibrate Slide past one another Very quickly THREE STATES OF MATTER... A COMPARSION

Slide12Expansion Increasing the volume of a substance Contraction  Decreasing the volume of a substance

Slide13When the particles are heated, they gain energy, move faster, spread out and take up more space thereby increasing their volume.

Slide14When the particles are cooled, they lose energy, move slower, move closer together and take up less space thereby decreasing their volume.

Slide15A SolidA GAS A LIQUID Why do we need to be concerned with expansion and contraction in the above pictures?

Slide161. Activity 5-2 B“Bulging Balloons”   2. Activity 5-2 C “Race to  for the Top” 3. Activity 5-2 D “ Expanding Solids” Pages 151 - 155

Slide17Blue = add heat Red  = lose heat Deposition

Slide19Adding heat energy, increases the kinetic energy and therefore the temperature.

Slide20The particles break theirattractive forces with their neighbouring particles when kinetic energy is increased.

Slide21Eventually, the kinetic energy will be great enough to break the attractive forces holding the particles together thereby changing state. The opposite is true if heat energy is decreased.

Slide22Activity 5-3C“The Plateau Problem” Page 166 (7)