Understanding Civil Law and Civil Cases

Understanding Civil Law and Civil Cases
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This article delves into the basics of civil law and civil cases. A civil case refers to a legal action where one party sues another to recover damages resulting from loss or injury. Damages

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PowerPoint presentation about 'Understanding Civil Law and Civil Cases'. This presentation describes the topic on This article delves into the basics of civil law and civil cases. A civil case refers to a legal action where one party sues another to recover damages resulting from loss or injury. Damages. The key topics included in this slideshow are . Download this presentation absolutely free.

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Slide2Civil Law Civil Cases- cases where someone/something sues someone/something else to recover damages for loss or injury  Damages- an award of money  Plaintiff- party suing  Defendant- party being sued

Slide3Types of Civil Cases Negligence  Breach of contract  Family matters  Property disputes

Slide4Civil Suits in the News Apple vs. Samsung- a patent dispute

Slide5Process of bringing a suit Hire a lawyer to file a complaint with the court  The court sends a summons to defendant announcing they are being sued  Lawyers on both sides check facts and interview witnesses (discovery)  Settlement- defendant offers to pay money to the plaintiff  Mediator- helps two sides come up with a solution

Slide6Trial May be jury most likely judge decides  Plaintiff must only prove defendant was more then likely responsible  Loser has the right to appeal  Copy chart on p. 450

Slide7Criminal Cases Penal Code- spells out a states punishments  Parole- early release from prison  Judges have sentencing options  Suspended sentence (no timed served)  Probation  Home confinement  Monetary fine  Imprisonment  Death

Slide8Process Arrest  Arraignment- defendant formally presented with crime and bail is reviewed  Trial  Each side calls witnesses to testify  Each side can cross-examine witnesses

Slide9Verdict Jury goes to room to determine guilt  To convict there must be no reasonable doubt  Most cases must have a unanimous verdict  Jury can decide to  Acquit- vote not guilty  Convict- vote guilty  Hung jury- no decision can be made  Usually benefits the defendant

Slide10Sentencing Judge decides on sentence after review facts of case  Judge has discretion in most cases  The defendant can appeal if they lose  Usually appeals say judge made errors or rights were violated  Prosecution cannot appeal- double jeopardy  Copy Chart on p. 457

Slide11Other Types of Law

Slide12Common Law Description  Unwritten laws created based on prior court decisions (precedents) and tradition.  Examples  Precedents  Zenger trial established freedom of the press

Slide13Statutory Law Description  Laws passed by a legislature (Acts)  Example  1964 Civil Rights Act (outlawed segregation in America).

Slide14Administrative Law Description  A regulatory laws created by a government agency  Example  FDA standards, ‘bleeped’ words on the radio (FCC)

Slide15Constitutional Law Description   A Law created by the Constitution or Supreme Court decision  Example  No poll tax (24th Amendment), integrated schools (14th Amendment), Judicial Review ( Marbury v. Madison)

Slide16International Law Description   laws created to regulate military agreements, trade, human rights &  treaties  with other nations.  Example  Geneva Convention Treaty outlaws the use of torture on POWs.

Slide17History of Law Our Laws are based on 3 historical laws  Hammurabi’s Code  Roman Law  English Common Law

Slide18Hammurabi’s Code 1772 BC  Hammurabi King of Babylon (Iraq)  Eye for an Eye  No trial  You do the crime you do the time

Slide19Roman Law- 12 Tables 450 BC  Posted in Public  Everyone Aware of Law  Very Procedural (set up how things work)

Slide20English Common Law 1189AD  English Tradition  Procedure and punishment  Brought to Colonies  Became part of New Governments after revolution Dark Blue: English Common Law used directly Light Blue: Law based on English Common Law used

Slide21Create Laws You are creating a new country  Create 10 laws and punishments that will be the cornerstone of you society