The Adolescent Brain: What's Going on in There?


This article discusses the workings of the adolescent brain and how it impacts behavior and decision making. The author references the work of Dr. Jay Giedd and how advancements in brain
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PowerPoint presentation about 'The Adolescent Brain: What's Going on in There?'. This presentation describes the topic on This article discusses the workings of the adolescent brain and how it impacts behavior and decision making. The author references the work of Dr. Jay Giedd and how advancements in brain. The key topics included in this slideshow are . Download this presentation absolutely free.
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Slide1The Adolescent Brain:What’s Going on in There? October 12, 2012 Nebraska Association for Middle Level Education Google Images
Slide230 seconds: fill the box with words to describe adolescents.
Slide3ZITS by Jerry Scott & Jim Borgman
Slide4ZITS by Jerry Scott & Jim Borgman
Slide5How the Brain Works
Slide6Tan’s Brain
Slide7How do we know what we knowabout the adolescent brain? Dr. Jay Giedd Phineas Gage These two men have played key roles… http://www.interscoop.com/media/phine.jpg http://www.nih.gov/nihrecord/08_12_2005/images/teenbrain.jpg
Slide8Google image source: http://www.sruweb.com/~walsh/gage1.jpg Phineas Gage Image source: Smithsonian magazine, January 2010
Slide9Google image source: http://www.brown.edu/Research/Memlab/py47/diagrams/phineas.jpg Phineas Gage: September 1848 Age 26 Died: 1861
Slide10Before the accident… After the accident… Hard-working Respected Personable Efficient Effective Responsible Unreliable Irrational Impulsive Disagreeable Difficult to get along with Overly emotional Indecisive Foul-mouthed Anti-social Irresponsible
Slide11•Plan for the future • Make decisions • Control impulses • Assess risk • Set goals & priorities • Make sound judgments • Reason • Plan & organize multiple tasks • Control emotions The Frontal Lobes
Slide12What couldthe story of Phineas Gage possibly have to do with the adolescent brain? Image source: Smithsonian magazine, January 2010
Slide13Dr. Jay Giedd• PET Scan • CT Scan • MRI • fMRI • DTI Google image source: http://www.loni.ucla.edu/~thompson/OZARKS2001/37_schizo_pmaps_loss.jpg Brain Imaging Technologies
Slide14A thickening ofthe brain’s gray matter… caused by an overproduction of connections between neurons Exuberance… Pruning… Google image source: http://www.brainexplorer.org/brain-images/graymatter.jpg A systematic pruning away of unused connections … between neurons
Slide15Myelination……the developmental process in which neurons are coated with a fatty, waxy substance… that insulates and speeds signals as they pass through one brain cell and on to another… Myelin sheath
Slide16•Plan for the future • Make decisions • Control impulses • Assess risk • Set goals & priorities • Make sound judgments • Reason • Plan & organize multiple tasks • Control emotions The Frontal Lobes
Slide17is the act of makingand strengthening connections between neurons… LEARNING …
Slide18…a n d a d o l e s c e n c e i s a c r i t i c a l w i n d o w o f o p p o r t u n i t y f o r t h i s “ s c u l p t i n g ” o f b r a i n s !
Slide19The brains ofadolescents are fundamentally different from the brains of children and of adults. Exuberance Pruning Myelination
Slide20Sleep: Many adolescents…• struggle to get up in the morning • claim they’re not tired at bedtime • sleep late & nap on weekends • go to school each day in a “fog” • struggle to concentrate in early morning classes • have difficulty remembering the content in early classes • feel drowsy & irritable by mid-afternoon
Slide21So… Just how much sleep do adolescents need?Permission granted: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2011 www.sleepeducation.com 9-10 hours
Slide22What do we know about adolescent sleep patterns?• They are regulated by “circadian rhythms.” (the brain’s natural “body clock”) • They differ from those of younger children and those of adults. • The circadian rhythms of adolescents “program” them to stay awake later into the night, and to wake-up later into the morning. Microsoft Office Clip Art, 2011
Slide23Why does this matter?Without adequate sleep, adolescents… • have a more difficult time holding a focus on the task at hand (class activities & lessons) • have more difficulty in thinking creatively and solving problems • are more prone to errors • are more irritable; less patient • may be more impulsive • engage in more risky behaviors
Slide24Why does this matter?Without adequate sleep, adolescents… iCLIPART for Schools, 2011 • miss out on the consolidation of learning that takes place during sleep CONSOLIDATION: a complex brain process that occurs during specific phases of sleep (REM Sleep- Rapid Eye Movement); the continued processing of information and experiences that occurred throughout the day, while the body and brain are asleep; processing that facilitates the transfer of short term memories- into the long term memory system within the brain, allowing for retrieval later on CONSOLIDATION: a complex brain process that occurs during specific phases of sleep (REM Sleep- Rapid Eye Movement); the continued processing of information and experiences that occurred throughout the day, while the body and brain are asleep; processing that facilitates the transfer of short term memories- into the long term memory system within the brain, allowing for retrieval later on
Slide25Alcohol, Drugsand Addiction Brain’s Natural Reward Center VTA, Dopamine
Slide26Research suggests that adolescents…• become addicted more strongly… • have a more difficult time quitting… • are more susceptible to “drug-cue associations”… • are more susceptible to relapse, once they have quit…
Slide27What about multitasking?• The Cocktail Party Effect • Toggling (task-switching) • Quality decreases on both (or all) tasks attempted • Time to complete tasks increases when attempting to multitask • Paying “continuous partial attention” • In some situations, multitasking is dangerous!
Slide28Risk-Taking: Adolescents…• are “hard-wired to take risks (as are all humans) • are highly sensitive to rewards associated with risk • tend to be more impulsive than most adults • weigh the benefits more heavily than the risks • often over estimate the risk in a given situation • often think too rationally when it comes to risk
Slide29Fundamental Differences• Multi-tasking (?) • Exposure to violence… media & video games • Screen-time… • Immediacy- fast-paced world- constant connectivity, social- networking- reduced face- to-face communication
Slide30What IS going on inside the adolescent brain? the better able we’ll be to understand our students, and to design learning opportunities that meet the needs of their still-developing brains. And the more knowledgeable educators become… Exuberance Pruning Myelination Circadian Rhythms Effects of technology Dopamine Hyper-sensitivity to rewards Phase Delay Effects of violence in media Emotional System Autonomy
Slide32Julie Crotty 319-239-8941 jcrotty@cfu.net Thanks for attending!