The Prologue to The Canterbury Tales: A Spring Pilgrimage to Pay Homage
The Prologue to The Canterbury Tales begins with the arrival of spring, symbolizing rebirth and renewal, which prompts a group of pilgrims
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Slide1“Prologue”to The Canterbury Tales “Prologue” to The Canterbury Tales
Slide2PurposePurpose Spring – rebirth, Pilgrimage to Canterbury Spring – rebirth, Pilgrimage to Canterbury Pay homage to the martyr Saint Thomas a Becket Pay homage to the martyr Saint Thomas a Becket Tales characters create to pass the time Tales characters create to pass the time
Slide3PurposePurpose Characters = various aspects of society Characters = various aspects of society Presented in order of their rank Presented in order of their rank Each pilgrim tells four stories Each pilgrim tells four stories
Slide4TermsTerms Satire – a humorous writing or speech intended to point out errors in order to reform human behavior or human institutions. Satire – a humorous writing or speech intended to point out errors in order to reform human behavior or human institutions. Physiognomy - the art of determining character or personal characteristics from the form or features of the body, esp. of the face. (dictionary. COM) Physiognomy - the art of determining character or personal characteristics from the form or features of the body, esp. of the face. (dictionary. COM)
Slide5TermsTerms Frame structure & Frame Tale – a story that provides a vehicle for the telling of other stories Frame structure & Frame Tale – a story that provides a vehicle for the telling of other stories Characterization – the use of literary techniques to create a character. Indirect & Direct? Characterization – the use of literary techniques to create a character. Indirect & Direct? Irony – a difference between appearance and reality. Irony – a difference between appearance and reality.
Slide6Setting & Narrator Setting & Narrator Southwark, The Tabbard Inn Southwark, The Tabbard Inn 29 travelers 29 travelers Narrator (+ 1) – meets travelers and will go on pilgrimage with them Narrator (+ 1) – meets travelers and will go on pilgrimage with them Offers descriptions of each of the travelers Offers descriptions of each of the travelers
Slide7Setting & Narrator Setting & Narrator Will be repeating the tales of everyone Will be repeating the tales of everyone Going to speak plainly Going to speak plainly “The word should be as cousin to the deed” – Narrator quotes Plato “The word should be as cousin to the deed” – Narrator quotes Plato
Slide8KnightKnight An honored fighter…he always wins An honored fighter…he always wins Dress – shabby and stained Dress – shabby and stained Sin? Sin?
Slide9SquireSquire Son of the Knight Son of the Knight 20 yrs. Old 20 yrs. Old Danced, wrote poetry, sang Danced, wrote poetry, sang Lover (“He slept as little as a nightingale” Lover (“He slept as little as a nightingale” What is his motive for following his father? What is his motive for following his father? Sin? Sin?
Slide10YeomanYeoman With the Knight and the Squire With the Knight and the Squire Dress of the forester – bright green, geared up for hunting Dress of the forester – bright green, geared up for hunting Sin? Sin?
Slide11Nun, Prioress Nun, Prioress Mother Superior; had another Nun and 3 Priests Mother Superior; had another Nun and 3 Priests Feigned knowing French – knowing French would mean having status Feigned knowing French – knowing French would mean having status How did she eat? How did she eat? Courtliness – politely or flatteringly Courtliness – politely or flatteringly Counterfeit courtly grace - clumsy Counterfeit courtly grace - clumsy Physical Features – fat, ugly Physical Features – fat, ugly Jewelry – bright and expensive Jewelry – bright and expensive Amor vincit omnia – Love conquers all Amor vincit omnia – Love conquers all Sin? Sin?
Slide12MonkMonk Hunting regularly Hunting regularly Strict with his religious duties? - “took the modern world’s more spacious way” Strict with his religious duties? - “took the modern world’s more spacious way” Sin? Sin?
Slide13FriarFriar Wanton – extravagant, unrestrained Wanton – extravagant, unrestrained “knew taverns” “knew taverns” “giving each/Of his young women what he could afford/Her” – fascinated with women (lustful) “giving each/Of his young women what he could afford/Her” – fascinated with women (lustful) Good beggar Good beggar Where is the money going? = Sin? Where is the money going? = Sin?
Slide14MerchantMerchant Stately, rich in dress Stately, rich in dress “In solemn tones, he harped on his increase/Of capital” – talked about all of his assets (money) “In solemn tones, he harped on his increase/Of capital” – talked about all of his assets (money) “none knew he was in debt” “none knew he was in debt” Sin? Sin?
Slide15Oxford Cleric Oxford Cleric Very skinny…sickly, weak Very skinny…sickly, weak Couldn’t work in Church or outside of Church Couldn’t work in Church or outside of Church What did he actually do with his time? What did he actually do with his time? What should he be doing? What should he be doing? Sin? Sin?
Slide16Sergeant at the Law Sergeant at the Law Lawyer Lawyer “He was less busy than he seemed to be” – feigning being busy…why?...sin? “He was less busy than he seemed to be” – feigning being busy…why?...sin?
Slide17FranklinFranklin Landowner; dressed well (colorful) Landowner; dressed well (colorful) Dagger and purse – some sort of threatening nature Dagger and purse – some sort of threatening nature What is the contrast that exists in this character? What is the contrast that exists in this character? If he’s a social-climber, what’s his sin? If he’s a social-climber, what’s his sin?
Slide18GuildsmenGuildsmen Tradesmen Tradesmen What are their aspirations? – to be aldermen What are their aspirations? – to be aldermen Tools were all polished, perfect, and matching Tools were all polished, perfect, and matching Wives – stately airs; showing off their place at Church Wives – stately airs; showing off their place at Church What is their sin? What is their sin?
Slide19CookCook Are the foods listed difficult recipes? Are the foods listed difficult recipes? Ulcer – disgusting element to someone that makes delicious foods Ulcer – disgusting element to someone that makes delicious foods He is not so appetizing to see = irony He is not so appetizing to see = irony Sin? Sin?
Slide20SkipperSkipper Captain of a ship Captain of a ship Enjoyed drinking – “Many a draft of yellow and red/He’d drawn at Bordeaux” Enjoyed drinking – “Many a draft of yellow and red/He’d drawn at Bordeaux” “The nicer rules of conscience he ignored” – what does this mean? “The nicer rules of conscience he ignored” – what does this mean? Harsh and unforgiving - “He sent his prisoner’s home; they walked the plank” – What is “home” here? Harsh and unforgiving - “He sent his prisoner’s home; they walked the plank” – What is “home” here? Sin? Sin?
Slide21DoctorDoctor Guile – slyness & cunning Guile – slyness & cunning “….each make money from the other’s guile” – who were all the people involved in the guile? “….each make money from the other’s guile” – who were all the people involved in the guile? Did not read Bible – what is the irony in his attendance on this particular trip? Did not read Bible – what is the irony in his attendance on this particular trip? “Gold stimulates the heart, or so we’re told./He therefore had a special love of gold.” “Gold stimulates the heart, or so we’re told./He therefore had a special love of gold.” What are the Doctor’s vices (bad habits/sins)? What are the Doctor’s vices (bad habits/sins)?
Slide22Wife of Bath Wife of Bath Excellent seamstress Excellent seamstress What would upset her at the altar? What would she do if she didn’t get her way? What would upset her at the altar? What would she do if she didn’t get her way? Men? – plenty of experience! Men? – plenty of experience! Gap-teeth – gluttonous Gap-teeth – gluttonous Self-proclaimed “love doctor” Self-proclaimed “love doctor”
Slide23ParsonParson Poor Poor Knew and taught the Bible Knew and taught the Bible “Nay rather he preferred beyond a doubt/Giving to poor parishioners round about/Both from Church offerings and his property” – Where would he get the money from to give to the poor? “Nay rather he preferred beyond a doubt/Giving to poor parishioners round about/Both from Church offerings and his property” – Where would he get the money from to give to the poor?
Slide24ParsonParson “This noble example to his sheep he gave/That first he wrought, and afterwards he taught;/And it was from the Gospel he had caught/Those words, and he would add this figure too,/That if gold rust, what then will iron do?” “This noble example to his sheep he gave/That first he wrought, and afterwards he taught;/And it was from the Gospel he had caught/Those words, and he would add this figure too,/That if gold rust, what then will iron do?” What is the Parson’s ideal in this passage? What is the Parson’s ideal in this passage? What literary device does he use to portray it? What literary device does he use to portray it? “Christ and His Twelve Apostles and their love/He taught, but followed it himself before” “Christ and His Twelve Apostles and their love/He taught, but followed it himself before”
Slide25PlowmanPlowman Worked in fields: tilled soil, planted corn, made manure, dug ditches Worked in fields: tilled soil, planted corn, made manure, dug ditches “….and, as prompt as any,/He paid his tithes in full when they were due/On what he owned, and on his earnings too” “….and, as prompt as any,/He paid his tithes in full when they were due/On what he owned, and on his earnings too” What is his sin? What is his sin?
Slide26MillerMiller Stout and red-headed Stout and red-headed “His was master-hand at stealing grain” - How would he steal it? “His was master-hand at stealing grain” - How would he steal it? Sin? Sin?
Slide27MancipleManciple Victuals – food supplies Victuals – food supplies Illiterate – can’t read Illiterate – can’t read Gifted at the market Gifted at the market How does Chaucer compare the Manciple to the men that he works for (lawyers)? How does Chaucer compare the Manciple to the men that he works for (lawyers)? Sin? Sin?
Slide28ReeveReeve He was in charge of the farming of his landowners He was in charge of the farming of his landowners He was knowledgeable in every aspect of his job and could not be swindled He was knowledgeable in every aspect of his job and could not be swindled Had his own staff of riches; How did he use them? (How was his lord involved?) Had his own staff of riches; How did he use them? (How was his lord involved?) Sin? Sin?
Slide29SummonerSummoner Ugly – “His face on fire…/for he had carbuncle. His eyes were narrow…/Black scabby brows he had, and a thin beard./Children were afraid when he appeared”; puss-filled pimples Ugly – “His face on fire…/for he had carbuncle. His eyes were narrow…/Black scabby brows he had, and a thin beard./Children were afraid when he appeared”; puss-filled pimples Drunk & loud Drunk & loud Lines 660-663 – How does Chaucer describe this man’s talents? Lines 660-663 – How does Chaucer describe this man’s talents?
Slide30SummonerSummoner “Why he’d allow-just for a quart of wine- /any good lad to keep a concubine [(whore)]/A twelvemonth [(year)] and dispense [(to grant exemption from a law or promise)] him altogether!” “Why he’d allow-just for a quart of wine- /any good lad to keep a concubine [(whore)]/A twelvemonth [(year)] and dispense [(to grant exemption from a law or promise)] him altogether!” “He knew their secrets, they did what he said.” - Blackmail “He knew their secrets, they did what he said.” - Blackmail
Slide31PardonerPardoner Stringy, blonde hair; hare-like eyeballs Stringy, blonde hair; hare-like eyeballs “He’d sewed a holy relic on his cap;/His wallet lay before him on his lap” – What do you think this juxtaposition means? “He’d sewed a holy relic on his cap;/His wallet lay before him on his lap” – What do you think this juxtaposition means? “For in his trunk he had a pillow- case/Which he asserted was Our Lady’s [Mary’s] veil” – What is the truth about the relics? “For in his trunk he had a pillow- case/Which he asserted was Our Lady’s [Mary’s] veil” – What is the truth about the relics? Taught lessons well! Taught lessons well!
Slide32HostHost Delicious food and amenities Delicious food and amenities Fair, fun man Fair, fun man Comes up with the contest Comes up with the contest Acts as their “Governor” Acts as their “Governor”
Slide33ContestContest – Two stories there – Two stories there – Two stories back – Two stories back – Best tale (good morality and pleasure) gets a free supper – Best tale (good morality and pleasure) gets a free supper – Host = judge (will join the pilgrimage) – Host = judge (will join the pilgrimage) – Don’t play by rules = paying for expenses on trip (everyone’s) – Don’t play by rules = paying for expenses on trip (everyone’s) – Draw straws to see who goes first - Knight – Draw straws to see who goes first - Knight