The Renaissance and Northern Renaissance Art

1. Renaissance Art By: Carly Cassady Block: 6

2. The renaissance was a period of great creativity and intellectual activity, during which artists broke away from the restrictions of Byzantine art . Throughout the 15th century, artists studied the natural world in order to perfect their understanding of such subjects as anatomy and perspective. During this period there was a related advancement of gothic art centered in Germany and the Netherlands, known as the northern renaissance .

3. During the Renaissance, artists were no longer regarded as mere artisans, as they had been in the medieval past, but for the first time were seen as independent personalities. They found new solutions to formal and visual problems, and many of them were also devoted to scientific experimentation. Mathematical or linear perspective was developed. As a result, the painted surface was regarded as a window on the natural world, and it became the task of painters to portray this world in their art. Artists studied the effect of light out-of-doors and how the eye perceives the diverse elements in nature.

4. They also developed aerial perspective. Northern painters were as advanced in landscape painting and contributed to the innovations of their southern contemporaries by introducing oil paint as a new medium. The Renaissance of the arts helped with the development of humanism. The use of classical Latin was revived and often favored at this time. The Renaissance was also a period of avid exploration, which resulted in the discovery and eventual colonization of North and South America.

5. Botticelli: 1445-1510, Lived in Firenze 1 st work: Illustration to the Divine Comedy(Inferno) 1480s, Silverpoint on parchment, completed in pen and ink, colored with tempra Biblioteca Vaticana, Rome, 683*1018 2 nd work: The Abyss of Hell 1480s, Colored drawing on parchment, 320 x 470 mm Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Rome

6. Botticelli 3 rd work: Purgatory X 1490s, Drawing on parchment 320 x 470 mm Staatliche Museen, Berlin

7. Michelangelo: 1475-1564, Caprese and Rome 1 st work : Entombment c. 1510 Tempera on wood, 159 x 149 cm National Gallery, London 2 nd work: The Doni Tondo c. 1506 Tempera on panel Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence 3 rd work: Martyrdom of St Peter c.1546-50 Fresco, 625 x 662 cm Cappella Paolina, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican

8. Raphael: 1483-1520, Urbino and Roma 1 st work: Madonna and Child c. 1505 Oil on wood, 209,6 x 148,6 cm National Gallery, London 2 nd work: Theological Virtues c.1507 Oil on wood, 16 x 44 cm (each) Pinacoteca, Vatican 3 rd work: Madonna with Beardless St Joseph c.1506 Tempera on canvas transferred from wood, 74 x 57 cm The Hermitage, St. Petersburg

9. Titian: 1490-1576, Pieve de Cadore and Venezia 1 st work: Assumption of the Virgin c.1516-18 Oil on wood, 690 x 360 cm Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, Venice 2 nd work: The Death of St Peter Martyr c.1527-29 Oil on canvas Basilica dei Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Venice Madonna with Saints and Members of the Pesaro Family c.1519-26 Oil on canvas Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, Venice

10. Masaccio: 1401-1428, San Giovanni Valdarno and Roma 1 st work: St Jerome and St John the Baptist c.1428 Panel, 114 x 55 cm National Gallery, London 2 nd work: Profile Portrait of a Young Man c.1425 Wood National Gallery of Art, Washington 3 rd work: St Paul c.1426 Tempera on wood, 51 x 30 cm Museo Nazionale, Pisa

11. Filippino Lippi: 1457-1504, Prato and Firenze 1 st work: St Philip Driving the Dragon from the Temple of Hieropolis 1487-1502, Fresco Strozzi Chapel, Santa Maria Novella, Florence 2 nd work: Crucifixion of St Philip c.1502 Fresco, Strozzi Chapel, Santa Maria Novella, Florence 3 rd work: Abraham c.1502 Fresco, Strozzi Chapel, Santa Maria Novella, Florence

12. Andrea Bregno: 1418-1503, Osteno and Roma 1 st work: Gateway c.1480s Marble Cappella Sistina, Vatican 2 nd work: The Apparition of St Michael to St Gregory 1469, Marble S. Gregorio Magno, Rome 3 rd work: Piccolomini Altar c.1503 Marble Duomo, Siena

13. Cosme Tura: 1430-1495, Ferrara 1 st work: Allegory of September: Triumph of Vulcan 1476-84 Fresco, 216 x 320 cm Palazzo Schifanoia, Ferrara 2 nd work: Allegory of August: Triumph of Ceres 1476-84 Fresco, 103 x 84 cm (full fresco: 216 x 320 cm) Palazzo Schifanoia, Ferrara 3 rd work: View of the Salone dei Mesi 1476-84 Frescoes Palazzo Schifanoia, Ferrara

14. Cimabue: 1240-1302, Firenze 1 st work: Crucifix c.1280-83 Fresco, 350 x 690 cm Upper Church, San Francesco, Assisi 2 nd work: St Matthew c.1280-83 Fresco, 450 x 900 cm Upper Church, San Francesco, Assisi 3 rd work: St Luke c.1280-83 Fresco, 450 x 900 cm Upper Church, San Francesco, Assisi

15. Jan Van Eyck: 1394-1441, Maaseik and Bruges 1 st work: Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife c. 1434, Oil on oak, 82 x 60 cm National Gallery, London 2 nd work: The Ghent Altarpiece c. 1432 Oil on wood, 350 x 223 cm Cathedral of St Bavo, Ghent 3 rd work: The Madonna with Canon van der Paele c.1436, Oil on wood, 122 x 157 cm Groeninge Museum, Bruges

16. Adam Elsheimer: 1578-1610, Frankfurt and Roma 1 st work: Rest on Flight into Egypt c. 1599 Oil on copper, 37,5 x 24 cm Staatliche Museen, Berlin 2 nd work: Ceres and Stellio 1598, Oil on copper, 30 x 25 cm Museo del Prado, Madrid 3 rd work: Flight into Egypt c. 1600 Oil on copper, 31 x 41 cm Alte Pinakothek, Munich

17. Ortolano: 1487-1524, Ferrara 1 st work: Mourning the Dead Christ c. 1522 Oil on wood transferred to aluminum panel, 241 x 182 cm Galleria Borghese, Rome 2 nd work: Nativity with Saints c.1520s Panel (arched), 279,5 x 156,1 cm Galleria Doria-Pamphili, Rome 3 rd work: Tomb of Don Felipe and Doa Juana c. 1519 Marble Capilla Real, Cathedral, Granada

18. Cecchino del Salviati: 1510-1563, Firenze and Roma 1 st work: Scenes from the Life of Furius Camillus c.1545 Fresco Palazzo Vecchio, Florence 2 nd work: Triumph of Furius Camillus c.1545 Fresco Palazzo Vecchio, Florence 3 rd work: Charity c.1554-58 Oil on wood, 156 x 122 cm Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

19. Juan de Juni: 1506-1577, Joigny and Valladolid 1 st work: Ecce Homo c.1560-70 Polychrome wood Diocesan Museum, Valladolid 2 nd work: Antigua Altar c.1545-62 Polychrome wood Cathedral, Valladolid 3 rd work: Crucifix c.1560s Polychrome wood Convent of Santa Catalina, Valladolid

20. Antoine Caron: 1521-1599, Beauvais and Paris 1 st work: Augustus and the Sibyl c.1575-80 Oil on canvas, 125 x 170 cm Muse du Louvre, Paris 2 nd work: Merry-go-round with Elephant Oil on canvas Private collection 3 rd work: The Triumph of Winter c. 1568 Oil on canvas, 103 x 179 cm Private collection

21. My Top Ten 10) I really liked Merry-go-round with Elephant by Antoine Caron because my favorite ride when I was little was the Merry-go-round and one of my favorite animals are elephants so the picture really caught my attention just by the name. 9) I also like Antigua Altar by Juan de Juni because of how lovely the altar was. It was done so exquisitely and I love all the colors and how big the altar appears to be. 8) Charity by Cecchino del Salviati is another favorite. It shows so much expression but is still calm with the kids. Also very graceful and loving. 7) Ceres and Stelio by Adam Elsheimer. I love how the background is so gloomy but the message and the people are so warm. It looks like they are praying and they just look so happy despise the darkness.

22. Top Ten Continued 6) The Madonna with Canon van de Paele by Jan van Eyck. This painting has such great positioning of the people and the beautiful colors. Looks like it shows an average afternoon of life. 5) St Matthew by Cimabue. I love the red church because it looks like a ten year old drew it but is no nicely done that its unreal. Looks very welcoming and friendly and captures my attention very well. 4) St Paul by Masaccio shows a great portrait. It shows pride and honor and reminds me of the statue of liberty because of holding the bible and sword in hands with long lost look of hope in his eyes. 3) Abraham by Filippino Lippi is such intricate work. The painting is so nicely done and beautiful that it makes you wonder how he really did that.

23. Top Ten Continued 2) Titian- Assumption of the Virgin- has such a look of despair yet holds so much beauty. Very captivating. 1) The Abyss of Hell by Botticelli is like a tornado which would send you into an abyss and the idea is just awesome. Very cool outcome and also looks like a wine glass and they drank a lot of wine which caused some deaths which is some foreshadowing.